For gastritis, in addition to drug treatment, other methods of therapy are used - traditional methods of treatment, diet.What can you eat during a diet for gastritis of the stomach to get the effect of such treatment?
General information about diets for gastritis
Gastritis treatment is usually complex and includes, in addition to drug therapy, various diets.Diet for gastritis means a lot, since dry food, fast food (hot dogs, pizza, etc.), irregular meals, very cold or hot food and a large amount of spices can cause gastritis to worsen.
The gastroenterologist prescribes the diet and drug treatment of gastritis in accordance with the type of disease, disturbing symptoms and the causes that led to the appearance of the disease.Patients may be bothered by pain, a feeling of heaviness and burning in the epigastrium, a feeling of fullness in the stomach, a feeling of hunger after eating, belching, vomiting, increased salivation, decreased appetite and indigestion.
Diet for gastritis, especially during the acute period, should not contain foods that irritate the stomach.What diet should you follow?The prescribed diet depends on the severity of the deterioration (attack) in the patient;in addition, the type of diet depends on the level of stomach acidity.
If you have gastritis, exclude the following types of food from your diet:
- any soup;
- animal fats;
- fried, spicy foods;
- smoked meat, any snack;
- fatty meat and fish;
- pickled and pickled vegetables;
- mushrooms (due to difficult digestibility);
- some types of cereals - corn, millet, barley, pearl barley;
- fresh berries;
- fermented milk drinks, sour cream;
- some vegetables and spices - onion, garlic, radish, radish, white cabbage;
- vinegar, ketchup, mayonnaise, pepper, spices, sauces;
- some types of drinks - strong coffee, tea, carbonated sour fruit juices, undiluted.
During an aggravation of the disease, dietary food promotes remission of the disease, therefore, foods that strongly affect secretion and act as irritants are excluded from the diet.
Products that irritate the mucous membrane
Mechanical irritation is caused by:
- spacious table;
- consumption of cartilage, stringy meat, poultry skin;
- consuming a significant amount of coarse fiber, which is found in beans, radishes, raisins, currants, grapes, eggplant and bran bread.
Fried foods have the maximum mechanical effect on the gastric mucosa.To a lesser extent, this effect is exerted by dishes prepared by baking in the oven or using a double boiler.
Chemical irritation is caused by products from the following list:
- soup, vegetable and mushroom stew;
- various spices;
- canned food;
- fried and smoked foods (meat and fish);
- salted vegetables, pickles, pickles;
- boiled eggs;
- tomato sauce;
- rye bread, cakes, cakes made from butter dough - pies, pastries, pies, cookies;
- fermented milk products;
- unripe sour fruits;
- some types of raw vegetables - onion, garlic, radish, radish;
- some types of drinks - strong coffee, tea, alcoholic and carbonated drinks.
The chemical effect that food can have on the gastrointestinal tract is indicated by the presence in it of extractives, organic acids, table salt, water-soluble sugars and essential oils.
Thermal irritation is caused by very hot or very cold food - dishes with a temperature of less than 15 ° and more than 57-62 ° C are irritating, and cold meals taken on an empty stomach increase intestinal motility.The most acceptable food temperature is around 37-38°C.
The diet is selected according to its qualitative composition, the method of culinary processing of the products (heat treatment - frying, boiling, steaming, baking) and the degree of grinding.
Soft diet and fasting
A soft diet, in addition to eliminating irritants, provides partial meals, this facilitates digestion and absorption of food.It is preferable to eat pureed, warm, non-rough dishes that have a liquid-like effect - milk, milk porridge, eggs, boiled lean fish, steamed meat.
Sometimes fasting is considered advisable, since the very consumption of any food causes an increase in the secretion of hydrochloric acid.With short-term abstinence from food, the acidity of the stomach decreases, the production of saliva, bile and peristalsis also decreases.
The greatest effect of fasting days is observed during an exacerbation of the disease, when a complete refusal to eat alternates with the consumption of light meals.With this eating schedule, toxins and waste products leave the body faster.But there are contraindications for fasting - it is not used for severe weight loss, anorexia, when you are carrying a child and it is not used for children.
Fasting should not begin immediately with a complete refusal of food.First, they switch to light foods (for example, kefir), spend 5 days on such a light diet, and then switch to fasting.
Fasting can be in two options: with the first option (dry fasting), drinking water is prohibited, the second option allows drinking mineral carbonated water or just boiled water.On the second day you are allowed to drink weak tea, this lasts 4-5 days.Getting out of the hunger strike begins with the consumption of rice water and wheat grains.Then they start eating liquid boiled oats, rice porridge and oatmeal, which are made with water or a little milk.It is good to eat mucoid soups or cereal infusions with soups during the day.The consumption of fresh vegetables and fruits is excluded.
Special food
Nutrition options when the diet does not allow the simultaneous intake of fats, proteins and carbohydrates are called separate meals.For example, meat should not be eaten with starchy and green vegetables.Green vegetables can be combined with many foods: fats, proteins, grains.Confectionery products (flour) and sugar are consumed separately from all foods to avoid fermentation, friction and heartburn.
Adhering to the principles of special nutrition, you can normalize digestion, metabolic processes in the body and reduce weight.Properly combined foods are absorbed faster, do not cause fermentation and toxic substances are not created in the blood.
Speed of food production
For easy digestion and removal of food from the body, simultaneous consumption of liquid and solid foods is not recommended.Liquid and soft food leaves the stomach faster than solid food, so it is recommended during diets to increase the speed of food passage.
Prunes and raisins remain in the stomach for a particularly long time;if gastritis worsens, their consumption during the first months is not recommended.
It also affects the speed of movement of food and its type - proteins, carbohydrates or fats.Carbohydrates leave the body faster, followed by proteins, and only fats remain longer.Fats have little effect on the production of gastric juice, but they increase the amount of time that food remains in the stomach, as fats are difficult to break down - the longer food remains in the stomach, the stronger the release of hydrochloric acid.During an exacerbation of the disease, it is recommended to avoid fats.
The purpose of the diet
When prescribing a diet, many factors are taken into account, including concomitant diseases of the gallbladder, pancreas and intestines.If you are prone to diarrhea, you are prescribed diet no.4;if symptoms of chronic cholecystitis or pancreatitis appear, diet no.5 (with the exception of whole milk and a decrease in fresh vegetables and fruits).The duration of the diet is also selected individually.A strict diet, which is prescribed in the acute phase, is maintained for 1-2 months.But the basic rules of proper nutrition must be followed for many years.
The prescribed diets also depend on the form and type of the course of the disease.In case of acute, erosive (ulcerative) gastritis and exacerbation of chronic gastritis, a strict diet is prescribed;during the remission period, the diet is slightly expanded.For any type of gastritis (superficial, hypertrophic, subatrophic, hyperplastic, hemorrhagic, catarrhal, focal, mixed gastritis, etc.), alcohol, smoking, fatty, fried and spicy foods are strictly prohibited.
For gastritis, the goal is to restore the normal activity of the stomach, regenerate the affected areas of the mucosa, normalize acidity and the activity of digestive enzymes.
What can you eat if you have acute gastritis?
In acute forms of gastritis, it is recommended not to eat on the first day;you are allowed to drink tea and still mineral water.From the second day you can eat by adding to the diet: liquid porridge (preferably oatmeal), mashed potatoes (liquid with water), soft boiled eggs, jelly.During the period of irritation, a strict diet is required;as symptoms go away, the diet is expanded.With low acidity, it is recommended to eat more foods that help to secrete hydrochloric acid;with high acidity, vice versa.
| Calms the stomach | They act irritatingly |
| Mineral drinking water without gas, weak tea | Alcoholic and carbonated drinks |
| Lean vegetable soups | Coffee, cocoa (low fat) |
| porridge | Salty dishes |
| Well-cooked lean meat and fish | All fried, pickled, smoked dishes |
| Vegetable puree (potato, rutabaga, carrot, cauliflower) | Rich strong liquids |
| Curd | Canned foods, spices |
| Fresh white bread | Black bread |
| Sugar | Egg (yolk only) |
Diet for chronic gastritis
In this case, diet no.2. The food must be different in composition;the diet should contain foods that stimulate the secretion of gastric juice and increase appetite, which is reduced in such patients.
Allowed and prohibited products for chronic gastritis:
| Allowed | Prohibited |
| Lean meat or fish, soups with low-fat broth (meat or fish) | Fatty meat and fish |
| Marinated herring, caviar (black) | Cold drinks |
| Boiled, boiled, baked vegetables, herbs - fennel, parsley | Fresh bread |
| Fruit and vegetable juices, soft apples | Pastry products |
| Soft-boiled eggs, cheese (soft), lean bacon | Lots of grapes or cabbage |
| Stale rye bread | Salty, spicy dishes |
| Loose porridge with water or a small amount of milk | milky |
Due to the fact that patients with this form of gastritis often do not tolerate milk well, it is recommended to consume fermented milk products (kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt) - fresh and as casserole or pudding.
Features of the diet for hypoacid gastritis
Food should be done at least 5 times a day.Therapeutic nutrition is followed 2-3 months after the acute period.It is good to supplement your diet with vitamin and mineral supplements.
In this case, at the beginning of an irritation, a strict diet is followed, the purpose of which is to reduce the irritation.After that, they begin to stimulate the secretion of gastric juice.The prescribed diet for low acidity is diet no.2.
Table of allowed and prohibited products for low acidity (hypoacid gastritis):
| Allowed | Prohibited |
| Rabbit, chicken, lean meat in the form of meatballs, meatballs, cutlets | Fried foods, baked foods |
| Lean fish, fish soup | Alcoholic beverages |
| Broths, soups - vegetables, fruits, peas | Salty, spicy dishes and spices (radish, pepper, mustard, garlic) |
| Vegetable purees, stews, salads from beets, carrots, potatoes, zucchini (except spinach and sorrel) | The mushroom |
| Yoghurt, kefir, milk, cottage cheese, cottage cheese, thin cream, a little butter, soft cheese, steamed omelette, soft-boiled eggs | Stringy, fatty, pork meat |
| Fruit juices (except grape juice), compotes, rosehips, blackcurrants | Raw vegetables, including radishes, radishes, onions, fresh cucumbers, sweet peppers, rutabagas, cabbage;pickled vegetables |
| Weak tea (with milk), lemon water and sugar | Grape juice and whole grapes, prunes, raisins |
| White cookies, dry cookies | Fresh bread, pastries |
| porridge | Smoked products (meat and fish) |
| Jelly meat | milky |
| Sweet berries (raspberries, strawberries) and ripe fruits;jam, compote, jelly | Legumes, cereals - pearl barley, corn, barley, millet |
| pasta | Okroshka |
It is recommended to drink mineral water 20-30 minutes before meals.
The diet is followed for about 3 weeks, it all depends on how you feel.After reducing the inflammation, you can gradually start stimulating the production of hydrochloric acid - cook stronger meat soups, sometimes serve a pickled cucumber or a piece of herring for lunch, you can eat a sandwich with caviar with grains.To stimulate the production of gastric juice, half an hour before meals you should drink lemon juice diluted with water (0.5 cups).
It is allowed to eat fried foods, but without bread.It is good to start taking bitters from herbs - to increase appetite and taste sensations.Drinking kumis is good for secretion;drinking kvass is not harmful, but you should not withdraw because it increases the processes of gas formation.You can also drink coffee, but not more than 1 cup a day.
Further, the diet is expanded and the consumption of cocoa, kefir and strong tea is allowed.If you feel well, the diet is expanded after a few months - you can eat almost everything, but you should not overdo it with salt, spices, cabbage and grapes.Hot dishes must be present at breakfast and lunch.
Sample menu for the period of exacerbation of gastritis:
- breakfast- weak tea with milk and oats;
- the second morning– apple (ripe);
- lunch– compote, steamed meat cutlets with a side dish of buckwheat porridge, gravy with meatballs;
- DINNER- vegetable puree, cottage cheese (can be with jam);
- before bed:a glass of kefir with white crackers.
Diet for hyperacid gastritis
With hyperacid gastritis, you should eat at certain times, in small portions, 5-6 times a day.It is important to chew the food thoroughly - crushed food does not damage the mucosa, and during chewing more gastric juice and saliva are produced, which help digest food.All dishes should be minimally seasoned and salted.
The first weeks the diet is almost the same with low acidity.The difference is that with gastritis with high acidity, it is useful to consume more dairy products and milk to normalize the high acidity.
If milk provokes bloating or diarrhea, then it can be diluted - drunk, added to tea.If this does not help you, then it is replaced with slippery soups.
All food should be mashed, warm, chopped.A few weeks later, after a strict diet, foods are added that have little effect on the synthesis of gastric juice.The principle of partial meals has also been preserved.The diet should be rich in protein to restore stomach cells.
For hyperacid gastritis, diet number 1 is recommended (it is good for weight loss).Then - diet 1A up to 10 days, after - diet 1B and no.1 (up to several months).
List of permitted and prohibited products:
| Allowed | Prohibited |
| Boiled meat without fat: rabbit, chicken, pigeon.Dishes made from them, boiled in water or steamed, in the form of meatballs, cutlets, souffles | Spicy, smoked and fried (or crusted - grilled) dishes, sausages, sausages |
| Low-fat fish - cod, pink salmon, cod and other seafood | Rich broths with meat and fish |
| Vegetable puree, chopped vegetables - young peas, potatoes, beets, carrots;fresh cabbage juice | Coffee, tea, carbonated and alcoholic drinks, kvass, beer |
| Fruit jelly, jelly, puree (strawberry, raspberry, apple) | Cranberry, sour fruit or citrus juices |
| Porridge that boils well in water - oatmeal, rice, oats | Tomatoes, garlic, onions, turnips, radishes, peppers, cabbage |
| Milk, fresh cottage cheese | Mustard, ginger |
| Steam omelet, boiled eggs, milk, cream, fresh cottage cheese, casseroles made from it | Legumes, chocolate |
| Smoothie soup with the addition of pureed cereals, pureed milk porridge from various cereals (except millet) | Marinade, pickles, spices, salt |
| White bread cookies | Fermented milk products |
| Sugar, honey | Coffee, alcoholic beverages |
| Rose decoction with sugar, tea (with milk or cream) | Black bread |
One hour before meals, it is recommended to drink Borjomi alkaline mineral water (1 glass).
Crackers dried in the oven are allowed to replace fresh brown bread.It is recommended to add vegetable oil to dishes to speed up the healing process of mucosal damage that occurs with this type of gastritis.
Aggravation menu:
- breakfast - steamed omelette, pureed milk porridge (oatmeal), tea with milk;
- second breakfast - milk with crackers;
- lunch - mashed soup from a mixture of potatoes and carrots, steamed meat cutlets with a side dish of mashed potatoes, fruit jelly;
- afternoon snack - a glass of milk.
- dinner - boiled fish with a side dish of mashed carrots and beets, tea with milk;
- at night - a glass of milk.
Food recipes
For ease of preparation, they create an approximate menu of dietary dishes for the week, taking into account the allowed foods.It is very convenient and complies with the rules of a gentle cooking method when preparing dishes in a slow cooker.
Mucous soups are used during irritations and pains.Milk soups are used in diets 1A and 1B.Most often these are cereal soups prepared with milk diluted with water (1:1).Mashed soups are prepared with cereals, potatoes and carrots are added, after which everything is mashed and a little oil is added.
To prepare the main dishes, it is better to use cooking (steamed or in a water bath).This is how omelettes, puddings, sauces, etc. are prepared.The meat is boiled in small pieces (to remove the extractives), then the juice is drained and the meat is boiled in new water.
Examples of recipes from foods allowed during diets:
First courses
Creamy pumpkin soup with fennel
Boil the zucchini and potatoes and mix in a blender.Bring to desired texture with vegetable juice, salt, add cream and finely chopped dill.
Chopped rice soup with minced chicken (breast) and cream
Boiled chicken fillet is ground in a blender.The puree is mixed with rice water, salted a little and boiled.Cool the soup to 70 °C, add the egg cream mixture and beat.
Second courses:
Rooster kittens
The ground turkey is salted, butter and wheat bread soaked in milk are added.Form patties and steam them.
Delicious dietary desserts:
Apple Rice Pudding
Cook rice porridge, add chopped apples, yolk and sugar.Beat the mixture and add the pre-beaten egg whites.Place in molds and steam for at least half an hour.The finished pudding is poured with fruit jelly.
Cottage cheese souffle
Beat the curd, egg yolks, semolina, milk and cream.Add the beaten whites to the mixture and mix gently.The resulting mass is steamed.