Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.When exposed to some etiological factors, the synthesis process of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which leads to pancreatic cell damage.This article shows the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the features of dietary nutrition as an important component of complex therapy.
Pancreatitis Clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by sharp, severe pain, which, if not treated in time, can provoke the development of painful shock.Painful sensations are localized in the pit of the stomach or have a generational character.The inflammatory process in the pancreas provokes hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypo- or hypertension) are observed and the general condition of the patient worsens.It becomes pale, and then the skin acquires an earthy gray hue.With cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice can be observed due to compression of the bile duct by an enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They experience hiccups and belching, and nausea begins to bother them.In the acute period, persistent vomiting is observed.Loss of electrolytes leads to wet sweat, shortness of breath and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stool becomes frothy, with food particles and foul smelling.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and bloating are recorded.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of bluish spots around the navel.With the further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he should be immediately sent to the hospital.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes antispasmodics, drugs that eliminate vomiting, diuretics (they prevent swelling of the pancreas and help to quickly remove excess enzymes from the body), pain relievers, enzyme inhibitors and antibiotics are prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy is carried out to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed fasting.Only mineral water or rose decoction is allowed.In the future, low-calorie foods are gradually introduced into the diet with the exception of foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and gas formation.
Therapeutic diet
It develops according to the patient's condition.Diet when acute inflammation decreases includes the following:
- providing the body with physiological levels of proteins, lipids, carbohydrate compounds;
- increasing the amount of vitamins;
- reducing the amount or completely eliminating substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa;
- complete rejection of smoked, spicy, salty food, alcohol, spices and canned food;
- a diet for pancreatitis includes chopping or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs should be eliminated as much as possible;
- meals should be frequent, but always in small portions;in case of severe pain, therapeutic fasting is allowed within 1 - 2 days;
- for pancreatitis and gastritis, refusing food can reduce mucosal irritation.
Authorized Products
If the pancreas is damaged, the patient's diet may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, non-acidic curd and yogurt;
- lean meat (chicken, rabbit, beef) in the form of souffle or puree;
- pike perch, pike, cod (low-fat varieties);
- chopped vegetables, which must first be boiled or baked;
- crackers or slightly dried bread;
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed omelettes;
- for patients with pancreatitis, it is allowed to consume olive oil and butter from fats;
- The recommended cereals are oats, buckwheat and semolina;
- as a fruit, you are allowed to eat baked apples without sugar;
- The best drink to drink is rose infusion.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Sample menu
In chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 grams of ground rice porridge, tea;
- 100 g of cheese;
- vegetable puree soup with croutons, souffle with steamed meat, 200 g of buckwheat porridge;
- protein omelet in the amount of 110 g, steamed, compote;
- 250 g fish rolls and tea;
- curd milk (about 200 ml).
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea, to which you can add milk;
- 100 g of cheese;
- rolled oat soup (approximately 250 g), as well as meat souffle (100 g), steamed with mashed potatoes;
- egg white omelet;
- curd souffle;
- a glass of curdled milk.
Option 3
- oatmeal and meat souffle, tea;
- cheese;
- soup with oats and pieces of meat (110 g) with mashed potatoes, baked apple;
- egg white omelet;
- meatballs (110 g), carrot puree;
- curdled milk.
Dietary foods should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be kept to a minimum to protect the pancreas and restore normal food digestion.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis for effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein foods.It is advisable not to boil or bake meat dishes, but to boil or steam them.Low-fat fish dishes are prepared in the same way.
Milk can sometimes be poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to only add it to cooked cereals and drink it in its pure form in an amount of no more than half a glass per day.In addition, the diet should not include meat and fish juices, garlic and onions, cabbage and radish.Products made from rye flour are also prohibited.
What should be the caloric content of the dishes?
Each day, patients should take in approximately 350 g of carbohydrates, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugar.The total energy value of food consumed during the day should be an average of 2600 kilocalories.To correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that shows the name of the product, its protein, carbohydrate and fat content, as well as the number of kilocalories.It is with his help that the daily diet of patients not only with pancreatitis, but also with other diseases that require proper dietary food is compiled.
Traditional methods of treatment
Among traditional medicines, these are considered the most effective:
- Potato juice.You should drink half a glass two hours before meals, wait 5 minutes and wash it down with a glass of kefir.The treatment should last 14 days, after which you should take a 10-day break and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of juice from Brussels sprouts three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of fennel and cumin proves to be beneficial.
- It is useful to drink a mumiyo solution every evening for 10 consecutive days, one hour after meals (calculated at 2 g per 3 liters of water).
- For 6 months, in case of chronic pancreatitis, it is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis solution (10%) at night, after dissolving them in 100 ml of heated milk.
To prevent the progression of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Mainly used are calendula flowers, marshmallow root, cranberry leaves, bean pods, calamus root, wormwood herb and mint leaves.
The following medicine will help speed up your recovery.You need to put a kilogram of lemon, parsley root and garlic (300 g each) through a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, after which you start taking a teaspoon.For chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to grind chicory root, pour boiling water, boil, then cool, drain and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above means, patients are recommended to do special exercises, which have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to breathe in and out, hold your breath and gently pull in the stomach, and then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.After that, you need to breathe in and out again, hold your breath and blow your stomach hard, and then relax.Exercises should be performed in a lying position three times a day, doing from 3 to 9 repetitions.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and promote the flow of digestive juices, helping to prevent the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbations.
It is worth remembering that in acute pancreatitis you should not resort to traditional methods, as the patient should be provided with immediate medical assistance.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.